---
title: "Japan regional bank M&A consolidation family-tree matrix"
aliases:
  - "Japan regional bank family tree"
  - "Japan regional bank consolidation family tree"
  - "regional-bank-m-a-family-tree-japan"
  - "Japan regional bank M&A genealogy"
  - "地銀再編 family tree"
  - "Japan regional bank merger family tree"
  - "Japan FG holding-company genealogy"
  - "Japan post-1990 regional bank consolidations"
  - "banking/regional-bank-tier-structure"
domain: "banking"
created: 2026-05-25
last_updated: 2026-07-29
last_tended: 2026-07-29
review_by: 2026-10-27
confidence: likely
tags: [banking, matrix, regional-bank, second-regional-bank, consolidation, m-and-a, holding-company, japan, family-tree]
status: active
sources:
  - "https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/ginkou.xlsx"
  - "https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/ginkoumochikabu.pdf"
  - "https://www.fsa.go.jp/news/r5/ginkou/20240628-1/20240628.html"
  - "https://www.fsa.go.jp/news/r6/ginkou/20250612/20250612.html"
  - "https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/en/banks/financial-institutions/"
  - "https://www.chiginkyo.or.jp/"
  - "FG IR disclosures for each holding company referenced"
  - "https://www.fukuoka-fg.com/investorimage/ir_pdf/202507_zaimu/corporate.pdf"
  - "https://tsubasa-al.co.jp/company/"
---

# Japan regional bank M&A consolidation family-tree matrix

## TL;DR

Post-1990 regional-bank consolidation in Japan has produced a layered map of bank holding companies, each combining one or more first-regional ("地銀") and/or second-regional ("第二地銀") predecessors, and in some cases a credit-cooperative / 新銀行 predecessor. This matrix collects the surviving FG name, year of FG formation, predecessor banks, prefecture coverage, capital scale, and holding-company structure for every materially active regional-bank FG in Japan as of 2026. It is the family-tree counterpart to [[banking/regional-bank-consolidation-pattern|Regional bank consolidation pattern]] (the why) and [[banking/japan-banking-license-tier-comparison-matrix|Japan banking-license tier comparison matrix]] (the what-kind-of-licence).

## Wiki route

This entry sits under [[banking/INDEX|banking index]]. Read it with [[banking/regional-bank-consolidation-pattern|Regional bank consolidation pattern]] for the structural drivers (population, NIM, system cost, AML, digital), [[banking/regional-bank-api-digital-partnership-route|Regional bank API and digital partnership route]] for the digital-rail layer, [[banking/japan-banking-license-tier-comparison-matrix|Japan banking-license tier comparison matrix]] for the regional vs second-regional vs cooperative licence-tier split, and [[banking/post-megabank-positioning|Post-megabank positioning]] for the largest-regional vs megabank-edge cases. The FG holding-company population is the [[banking/INDEX|banking INDEX]]. The complete FSA list of bank holding companies underpinning this matrix is the FSA 銀行持株会社一覧 PDF.

## Why this family-tree matters

Regional-bank consolidation is layered. Many references say "X銀行" without specifying whether the speaker means:

- the **original predecessor bank** (e.g. 第四銀行 1873-2020);
- the **post-merger successor bank** (e.g. [[regional-banks/daishi-hokuetsu-bank|第四北越銀行]]);
- the **holding company** above the operating bank ([[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg|第四北越 FG]] 7327);
- the **alliance / consortium** the holding company belongs to (e.g. TSUBASA, [[megabanks/sbi-regional-bank-hd|SBI 地銀 HD]]).

Without an explicit family-tree map, the same brand name gets used for four different legal entities. This matrix forces all four levels into one consistent view so that the question "which entity am I actually talking about" can be answered before any balance-sheet or strategy claim.

Specifically, the matrix surfaces:

- which FG is **single-prefecture single-bank** (e.g. [[regional-banks/iyogin-hd|いよぎん HD]], [[regional-banks/shizuoka-fg|しずおか FG]], [[regional-banks/hirogin-hd|ひろぎん HD]], [[regional-banks/juroku-fg|十六 FG]]) — those are 単独株式移転 patterns where the holding company is essentially a single-bank wrapper;
- which FG is **cross-prefecture two-or-more-bank** ([[regional-banks/mebuki-fg|めぶき FG]], [[regional-banks/concordia-fg|横浜 FG (旧コンコルディア)]], [[regional-banks/kyushu-fg|九州 FG]], [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg|FFG]], [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg|ほくほく FG]]) — those are 共同株式移転 patterns combining banks across prefecture lines;
- which FG was formed by a **rescue M&A** ([[regional-banks/jimoto-hd|じもと HD]] gaining RCC majority 2024-06; [[regional-banks/tomony-hd|トモニ HD]] absorbing 大正銀行 2017; [[regional-banks/mebuki-fg|めぶき FG]] joining a Resona / DICJ-resolved 足利銀行 lineage);
- which FG combines a **first-regional + second-regional** mix vs a pair of same-tier banks;
- which FG belongs to a **wider consortium** ([[megabanks/sbi-regional-bank-hd|SBI 地銀 HD]] equity-alliance ring; the Resona-group cluster around [[regional-banks/kansai-mirai-bank|関西みらい銀行]] and [[regional-banks/minato-bank|みなと銀行]]).

This family-tree feeds directly into the licence-tier matrix [[banking/japan-banking-license-tier-comparison-matrix|Japan banking-license tier comparison matrix]] (every row here is in Tier 2 第一地銀 or Tier 3 第二地銀) and into the cooperative-banking matrix [[banking/japan-cooperative-banking-unified-federation-matrix|Japan cooperative-banking unified federation matrix]] (the cooperative-bank consolidations sit on a separate axis from the holding-company route described here).

## Cross-FG family-tree comparison table

| FG (holding company) | Code | Year formed | Predecessor banks (tier) | Prefecture coverage | Operating-bank pattern | Cap scale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [[regional-banks/mebuki-fg\|めぶき FG]] | 7167 | 2016-10 | 常陽銀行 (1地銀) + 足利HD / 足利銀行 (1地銀, 2003 失効/再生経歴) | 茨城 + 栃木 + 首都圏 | 2-bank umbrella (no legal merger) | Large (北関東2県メガリージョナル) |
| [[regional-banks/concordia-fg\|横浜 FG (旧コンコルディア)]] | 7186 | 2016-04 (商号変更 2025-10) | 横浜銀行 (1地銀) + 東日本銀行 (2地銀) | 神奈川 + 首都圏 | 2-bank umbrella | Largest single-FG class (預金 ~¥19.7tn, FY2024) |
| [[regional-banks/kyushu-fg\|九州 FG]] | 7180 | 2015-10 | [[regional-banks/higo-bank\|肥後銀行]] (1地銀, 熊本) + [[regional-banks/kagoshima-bank\|鹿児島銀行]] (1地銀, 鹿児島) | 熊本 + 鹿児島 | 2-bank umbrella | Large (九州南部2強) |
| [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg\|ふくおか FG (FFG)]] | 8354 | 2007-04 | [[regional-banks/fukuoka-bank\|福岡銀行]] + 熊本ファミリー銀行（現 [[regional-banks/kumamoto-bank\|熊本銀行]]）で発足、親和銀行が2007-10、十八銀行が2019-04、福岡中央銀行が2023-10に加入。親和銀行と十八銀行は2020-10に[[regional-banks/18-shinwa-bank\|十八親和銀行]]へ合併。みんなの銀行は別のデジタル銀行子会社 | 福岡 + 熊本 + 長崎 + 全国デジタル | 4 regional banks + 1 digital bank | Use current FFG disclosure |
| [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg\|ほくほく FG]] | 8377 | 2003-09 (旧 ほくぎん FG) → 2004-09 統合 | [[regional-banks/hokuriku-bank\|北陸銀行]] (1地銀, 富山) + [[regional-banks/hokkaido-bank\|北海道銀行]] (1地銀, 札幌) | 富山 + 石川 + 福井 + 北海道 | 2-bank umbrella | Mid-large (離れた地域の連合の嚆矢) |
| [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-fg\|山口 FG (YMFG)]] | 8418 | 2006-10 (単独株式移転) | [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-bank\|山口銀行]] (1地銀, 下関) + [[regional-banks/momiji-bank\|もみじ銀行]] (2地銀, 広島, 2001 山口系列入り) + [[regional-banks/kitakyushu-bank\|北九州銀行]] (1地銀, 2011-10 新設分割) | 山口 + 広島 + 北九州 | 3-bank umbrella (3 brand) | Mid (中国西部 + 関門) |
| [[regional-banks/san-jusan-fg\|三十三 FG]] | 7322 | 2018-04 (株式移転) → 2021-05 子銀行合併 | 三重銀行 (2地銀) + 第三銀行 (2地銀) | 三重 + 名古屋圏一部 | 1-operating-bank (post-merger) | Mid-small (三重県中堅) |
| [[regional-banks/iyogin-hd\|いよぎん HD]] | 5830 | 2022-10 (単独株式移転) | [[regional-banks/iyo-bank\|伊予銀行]] (1地銀, 1878 前身) | 愛媛 | 1-bank umbrella | Mid-large (四国最大級, 海運・造船融資) |
| [[regional-banks/hirogin-hd\|ひろぎん HD]] | 7337 | 2020-10 (単独株式移転) | 広島銀行 (1地銀, 1950 前身 芸備銀行 1945-) | 広島 + 山陽 + 山陰 | 1-bank umbrella | Mid-large (広島県 No.1) |
| [[regional-banks/hokkoku-fhd\|北國 FHD]] (現 [[financial-regulators/cci-group\|CCI グループ]]) | 7381 | 2021-10 (単独株式移転); 商号 2025-10 → CCI | [[regional-banks/hokkoku-bank\|北國銀行]] (1地銀, 石川, 1943 設立) | 石川 + 富山 + 福井 | 1-bank umbrella + 新会社 (BaaS / DX) | Mid (地銀 DX リーダー) |
| [[regional-banks/juroku-fg\|十六 FG]] | 7380 | 2021-10 (単独株式移転) | 十六銀行 (1地銀, 1877 第十六国立銀行) | 岐阜 + 愛知西部 | 1-bank umbrella | Mid (岐阜県 No.1) |
| [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg\|第四北越 FG]] | 7327 | 2018-10 (共同株式移転) → 2021-01 子銀行合併 | 第四銀行 (1地銀, 1873 第四国立銀行) + 北越銀行 (1地銀, 1942 設立) | 新潟 + 首都圏一部 | 1-operating-bank ([[regional-banks/daishi-hokuetsu-bank\|第四北越銀行]]) | Mid-large (新潟一県一行型) |
| [[regional-banks/aichi-fg\|あいち FG]] | 7389 | 2022-10 (共同株式移転) → 子銀行合併 | [[regional-banks/aichi-bank\|愛知銀行]] (2地銀) + [[regional-banks/chukyo-bank\|中京銀行]] (2地銀) | 愛知 + 中京 | 1-operating-bank (あいち銀行) | Mid (名古屋・中京) |
| [[regional-banks/shizuoka-fg\|しずおか FG]] | 5831 | 2022-10 (単独株式移転) | 静岡銀行 (1地銀) | 静岡 + 県外拠点 | 1-bank umbrella | Mid-large (静岡県 No.1, 製造業集積地) |
| [[regional-banks/tomony-hd\|トモニ HD]] | 8600 | 2010-04 (共同株式移転) → 2017 大正銀行子会社化 → 2020-01 [[regional-banks/tokushima-taisho-bank\|徳島大正銀行]]誕生 | 徳島銀行 (2地銀) + 香川銀行 (2地銀, 1989普銀転換) + 大正銀行 (2地銀, 大阪, 2017合流) | 徳島 + 香川 + 大阪 | 2-bank umbrella ([[regional-banks/tokushima-taisho-bank\|徳島大正]] + [[regional-banks/kagawa-bank\|香川]]) | Mid-small (四国 + 関西第二地銀) |
| [[regional-banks/proclair-hd\|プロクレア HD]] | 7384 | 2022-04 (共同株式移転) → 2025-01 銀行合併 (青森みちのく銀行) | [[regional-banks/aomori-bank\|青森銀行]] (1地銀) + [[regional-banks/michinoku-bank\|みちのく銀行]] (1地銀) | 青森 + 北東北 + 道南 | 1-operating-bank (post-merger, 独禁特例法 初適用) | Mid-small (北東北 統合モデルケース) |
| [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg\|東京きらぼし FG]] | 7173 | 2014-10 (旧 東京 TY FG) → 2016-04 新銀行東京 統合 → 2018-05 銀行3行合併 + FG 改称 | 東京都民銀行 + 八千代銀行 + 新銀行東京 (旧 石原都政 新銀行) | 東京 (都内特化) + 神奈川一部 + 千葉一部 | 1-operating-bank ([[regional-banks/kiraboshi-bank\|きらぼし銀行]]) + UI 銀行 (デジタル) | Mid (東京特化地銀, 唯一) |
| [[regional-banks/fidea-hd\|フィデア HD]] | 8713 | 2009-10 (共同株式移転) → 2027-01 銀行合併予定 (フィデア銀行) | [[regional-banks/shonai-bank\|荘内銀行]] (1地銀, 山形, 1878 第六十七国立銀行) + [[regional-banks/hokuto-bank\|北都銀行]] (1地銀, 秋田, 1895 第四十八国立銀行系) | 山形 + 秋田 + 仙台 統括 | 2-bank umbrella → 1-bank merger (2027-01 予定) | Mid-small (東北 県境越え 嚆矢) |
| [[regional-banks/jimoto-hd\|じもと HD]] | 7161 (STD) | 2012-10 (株式移転, 震災で1年延期) → 2020-11 SBI 出資 → 2024-06 RCC 議決権 63.52% 取得 | [[regional-banks/kirayaka-bank\|きらやか銀行]] (2地銀, 山形) + [[regional-banks/sendai-bank\|仙台銀行]] (2地銀, 宮城) | 山形 + 宮城 | 2-bank umbrella, 公的資金 RCC 体制 | Mid-small (北東北 第二地銀, 公的資金返済 13 年延期 2024-09) |
| [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-fhd\|西日本 FHD]] | 7189 | 2016-10 (単独株式移転) | [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-city-bank\|西日本シティ銀行]] (1地銀, 福岡) + [[regional-banks/nagasaki-bank\|長崎銀行]] (2地銀, 長崎, 2006-04 子会社化) | 福岡 + 大分 + 佐賀 + 長崎 + 熊本 | 2-bank umbrella | Mid-large (福岡 2 大地銀の一角) |
| [[regional-banks/kansai-mirai-bank\|関西みらい銀行]] (operating bank) | — | 2019-04 銀行合併 (旧 関西アーバン銀 + 近畿大阪銀) → 2021-04 [[regional-banks/minato-bank\|みなと銀]]と共に [[megabanks/resona-hd\|Resona HD]] 100%子会社化 | 旧 関西アーバン銀行 + 旧 近畿大阪銀行 (両者 2地銀 + 1地銀 mix) | 大阪 + 兵庫 (みなと銀並列) | Resona group Kansai operating bank (HD = [[megabanks/resona-hd\|Resona HD]]) | Large (Resona group 関西地盤) |

Sources: ^[FSA bank-holding-company list, https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/ginkoumochikabu.pdf; FSA bank register, https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/ginkou.xlsx; each holding company's official corporate history / IR. FFG chronology: https://www.fukuoka-fg.com/investorimage/ir_pdf/202507_zaimu/corporate.pdf.]

SBI's capital / business alliances are not a formal operating-bank family tree and are therefore excluded from the table above; verify each equity relationship from current SBI and partner-bank disclosures. T&D Holdings is a life-insurance holding company and is not an alias for 第四北越 FG.

## Cross-axis: which FG combined which tier of predecessor banks

| Combination pattern | Examples | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1地銀 + 1地銀 (cross-prefecture umbrella) | [[regional-banks/mebuki-fg\|めぶき FG]] (常陽 + 足利), [[regional-banks/kyushu-fg\|九州 FG]] (肥後 + 鹿児島), [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg\|ほくほく FG]] (北陸 + 北海道), [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg\|第四北越 FG]] (第四 + 北越), [[regional-banks/proclair-hd\|プロクレア HD]] (青森 + みちのく), [[regional-banks/fidea-hd\|フィデア HD]] (荘内 + 北都) | The dominant cross-prefecture FG pattern |
| 1地銀 + 2地銀 (cross-tier umbrella) | [[regional-banks/concordia-fg\|横浜 FG]] (横浜 1地銀 + 東日本 2地銀), [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-fhd\|西日本 FHD]] (西日本シティ 1地銀 + 長崎銀 2地銀), [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg\|FFG]] (福岡 1地銀 + 熊本 + 18親和 1地銀系) | Common in same-prefecture or adjacent-prefecture combinations |
| 2地銀 + 2地銀 | [[regional-banks/san-jusan-fg\|三十三 FG]] (三重 + 第三), [[regional-banks/aichi-fg\|あいち FG]] (愛知 + 中京), [[regional-banks/tomony-hd\|トモニ HD]] (徳島 + 香川 + 大正), [[regional-banks/jimoto-hd\|じもと HD]] (きらやか + 仙台) | The 1989-conversion-era 第二地銀 universe consolidating |
| Single-bank-wrapper (単独株式移転) | [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-fg\|YMFG]] (山口単独 → 後にもみじ / 北九州取込), [[regional-banks/iyogin-hd\|いよぎん HD]] (伊予単独), [[regional-banks/shizuoka-fg\|しずおか FG]] (静岡単独), [[regional-banks/juroku-fg\|十六 FG]] (十六単独), [[regional-banks/hirogin-hd\|ひろぎん HD]] (広島単独), [[regional-banks/hokkoku-fhd\|北國 FHD / CCI]] (北國単独), [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-fhd\|西日本 FHD]] (西日本シティ単独後 長崎取込) | Single-bank wrapper for resource flexibility, M&A optionality |
| Multi-bank + 第三勢力 (公的勢力 / 新銀行 / 統合特例) | [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg\|東京きらぼし FG]] (都民 + 八千代 + 新銀行東京), [[regional-banks/proclair-hd\|プロクレア HD]] (独禁特例法 初適用), [[regional-banks/jimoto-hd\|じもと HD]] (RCC 議決権 取得) | Each pattern reflects a specific public / regulatory inflection |
| Group operating bank under non-regional HD | [[regional-banks/kansai-mirai-bank\|関西みらい銀行]] + [[regional-banks/minato-bank\|みなと銀行]] under [[megabanks/resona-hd\|Resona HD]]; [[megabanks/saitama-resona-bank\|埼玉りそな銀行]] | Operating banks inside a megabank-edge group ([[megabanks/resona-hd\|Resona]] sits between regional and megabank) |
| Equity-alliance / consortium (no operating-FG umbrella) | [[megabanks/sbi-regional-bank-hd\|SBI 地銀 HD]]'s パートナー地銀 ring (筑邦 / 清水 / 大東 / 福島 / 島根 / 仙台 / 筑波 / 東和 / きらやか + [[regional-banks/sbi-shinsei-bank\|SBI 新生銀行]]) | The "第4のメガバンク構想" alliance model |

Sources: ^[FSA bank-holding-company and bank lists; official holding-company histories and merger disclosures. Alliance membership must be checked against current announcements and is not equivalent to FG ownership.]

## How to read this matrix

1. **Pick the FG (holding-company) row first.** The FG is the legal entity that issues holdings of underlying banks, signs M&A documents, and reports consolidated capital adequacy under FSA banking-holding-company supervision. This is the unit at which strategy gets executed.
2. **Read the predecessor-bank column.** This tells you whether the FG is a single-bank wrapper (e.g. [[regional-banks/iyogin-hd|いよぎん HD]], [[regional-banks/shizuoka-fg|しずおか FG]]) or a true multi-bank consolidation ([[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg|FFG]], [[regional-banks/concordia-fg|横浜 FG]]).
3. **Check the operating-bank pattern column.** A 2-bank umbrella keeps two operating banks alive under one FG; a 1-operating-bank pattern means the constituent banks have already merged legally ([[regional-banks/daishi-hokuetsu-bank|第四北越銀行]] under [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg|DHFG]]).
4. **Check the prefecture coverage column.** Single-prefecture FGs ([[regional-banks/shizuoka-fg|しずおか]], [[regional-banks/hirogin-hd|ひろぎん]], [[regional-banks/juroku-fg|十六]]) are local-platform plays; cross-prefecture FGs ([[regional-banks/mebuki-fg|めぶき]], [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg|ほくほく]], [[regional-banks/kyushu-fg|九州]]) are regional-platform plays; nationwide-coverage FGs ([[megabanks/sbi-regional-bank-hd|SBI 地銀 HD]] consortium) are digital-platform plays.
5. **Cross-check with [[banking/regional-bank-api-digital-partnership-route|regional-bank API and digital partnership route]]** to see how the same FGs sit on the digital-rail axis ([[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg|FFG]]'s みんなの銀行 BaaS, [[regional-banks/hokkoku-fhd|CCI / Hokkoku]]'s Tonari, [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg|きらぼし]]'s UI 銀行).

## Key consolidation events as turning points

- **2003-09 → 2004-09 [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg|ほくほく FG]] (北陸 + 北海道).** First "離れた地域の地銀どうしの広域連合" model in Japan banking history.
- **2003-11-29 足利銀行 破綻 → 一時国有化 → 2008-07 民間譲渡 (野村ファンド + ネクスト・キャピタル等) → 2008-12 足利 HD → 2016-10 [[regional-banks/mebuki-fg|めぶき FG]] 合流.** The post-failure rehabilitation arc that later joined a healthy partner under an FG umbrella.
- **2007-04 [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg|FFG]] 発足 (福岡 + 熊本ファミリー).** Set the template for 1地銀-led cross-prefecture FG.
- **2009-10 [[regional-banks/fidea-hd|フィデア HD]] (荘内 + 北都).** First cross-prefecture FG in 東日本.
- **2010-04 [[regional-banks/tomony-hd|トモニ HD]] (徳島 + 香川).** Second-regional cross-prefecture FG, later expanded by 2017 大正銀 rescue → 2020-01 徳島大正銀行 誕生.
- **2014-10 → 2016-04 → 2018-05 [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg|東京きらぼし FG]].** 都民 + 八千代 → +新銀行東京 → 3行合併 (Tokyo metropolitan area special case combining the 都政の新銀行東京 outcome).
- **2015-10 [[regional-banks/kyushu-fg|九州 FG]] (肥後 + 鹿児島).** Cross-prefecture 2強連合 in southern Kyushu.
- **2016-04 [[regional-banks/concordia-fg|横浜 FG (旧コンコルディア)]] (横浜 + 東日本).** Cross-tier (1地銀 + 2地銀) cross-prefecture umbrella for the largest single-FG class.
- **2016-10 [[regional-banks/mebuki-fg|めぶき FG]] (常陽 + 足利 HD).** Cross-prefecture combination with a post-failure-resolution partner.
- **2018-04 → 2021-05 [[regional-banks/san-jusan-fg|三十三 FG]] (三重 + 第三 → 三十三銀行).** 2地銀 + 2地銀 with full legal merger.
- **2018-10 → 2021-01 [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg|第四北越 FG]] (第四 + 北越 → 第四北越銀行).** New 一県一行 model in 新潟.
- **2020-12 [[megabanks/sbi-regional-bank-hd|SBI 地銀 HD]] 設立.** The "第4のメガバンク構想" non-FG alliance model.
- **2022-04 → 2025-01 [[regional-banks/proclair-hd|プロクレア HD]] (青森 + みちのく).** **独禁特例法 (令和2年法律第32号) 初適用** for prefectural-monopoly clearance.
- **2024-06-20 [[regional-banks/jimoto-hd|じもと HD]] RCC 議決権 63.52% 取得.** Public-money supervision intensified for the 2地銀 FG.
- **2025-10 [[regional-banks/concordia-fg|横浜 FG]] 商号変更** (旧 コンコルディア → 横浜 FG).
- **2025-10 [[regional-banks/hokkoku-fhd|北國 FHD]] → [[financial-regulators/cci-group|CCI グループ]] 商号変更.** Digital-platform pivot reflected in the corporate name.

## Capital-scale tiering inside the regional-bank FG universe

For ordering purposes within this matrix (not a ranking, just a scale-class lens):

| Comparison field | Required evidence | Publication rule |
|---|---|---|
| Deposits | Same fiscal date and same consolidated / bank-only perimeter | Do not mix holding-company consolidated totals with one operating bank |
| Loans | Same fiscal date, unit, and perimeter | Preserve the issuer's definition |
| Assets | Same accounting basis and reporting period | Do not convert into a durable rank without a complete census |
| Capital ratio | Same international / domestic standard and consolidation basis | Label the regulatory basis |
| Number of operating banks | Current group organisation chart and FSA register | Distinguish legal banks from brands and digital channels |

Sources: ^[Each FG's latest official financial disclosure and the current FSA bank register.]

## Predecessor-to-successor mapping (the family-tree pairs)

The single most useful inversion of the matrix is "given a predecessor bank, which FG is the current parent". This table inverts the FG-keyed view above.

| Predecessor bank (tier) | Year of FG entry | Current FG (holding-company) | Current operating bank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 常陽銀行 (1地銀, 茨城) | 2016-10 | [[regional-banks/mebuki-fg\|めぶき FG]] (7167) | [[regional-banks/joyo-bank\|常陽銀行]] (operating) |
| 足利銀行 (1地銀, 栃木; 2003-11 一時国有化 → 2008-07 民間譲渡) | 2016-10 (via 足利 HD) | [[regional-banks/mebuki-fg\|めぶき FG]] | [[regional-banks/ashikaga-bank\|足利銀行]] (operating) |
| 横浜銀行 (1地銀, 神奈川) | 2016-04 | [[regional-banks/concordia-fg\|横浜 FG]] (旧コンコルディア, 7186) | [[regional-banks/yokohama-bank\|横浜銀行]] |
| 東日本銀行 (2地銀, 東京) | 2016-04 | [[regional-banks/concordia-fg\|横浜 FG]] | [[regional-banks/higashi-nippon-bank\|東日本銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/higo-bank\|肥後銀行]] (1地銀, 熊本) | 2015-10 | [[regional-banks/kyushu-fg\|九州 FG]] (7180) | [[regional-banks/higo-bank\|肥後銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/kagoshima-bank\|鹿児島銀行]] (1地銀, 鹿児島) | 2015-10 | [[regional-banks/kyushu-fg\|九州 FG]] | [[regional-banks/kagoshima-bank\|鹿児島銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/fukuoka-bank\|福岡銀行]] (1地銀, 福岡) | 2007-04 | [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg\|FFG]] (8354) | [[regional-banks/fukuoka-bank\|福岡銀行]] |
| 熊本ファミリー銀行 → [[regional-banks/kumamoto-bank\|熊本銀行]] (2地銀, 熊本) | 2007-04 | [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg\|FFG]] | [[regional-banks/kumamoto-bank\|熊本銀行]] |
| 十八銀行 (1地銀, 長崎, 1877 創立) | 2019-04 FFG加入、2020-10 合併 | [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg\|FFG]] | [[regional-banks/18-shinwa-bank\|十八親和銀行]] |
| 親和銀行 (1地銀, 長崎, 1939 設立) | 2007-10 FFG加入、2020-10 合併 | [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg\|FFG]] | [[regional-banks/18-shinwa-bank\|十八親和銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/hokuriku-bank\|北陸銀行]] (1地銀, 富山, 1877 第十二国立銀行) | 2003-09 / 2004-09 | [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg\|ほくほく FG]] (8377) | [[regional-banks/hokuriku-bank\|北陸銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/hokkaido-bank\|北海道銀行]] (1地銀, 札幌, 1951 設立) | 2004-09 | [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg\|ほくほく FG]] | [[regional-banks/hokkaido-bank\|北海道銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-bank\|山口銀行]] (1地銀, 下関, 1944 設立) | 2006-10 (単独) | [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-fg\|YMFG]] (8418) | [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-bank\|山口銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/momiji-bank\|もみじ銀行]] (2地銀, 広島, 2001 設立: 広島総合 + せとうち) | 2001 系列入り, 2006 FG | [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-fg\|YMFG]] | [[regional-banks/momiji-bank\|もみじ銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/kitakyushu-bank\|北九州銀行]] (1地銀, 北九州市, 2011-10 新設分割) | 2011-10 設立 | [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-fg\|YMFG]] | [[regional-banks/kitakyushu-bank\|北九州銀行]] |
| 三重銀行 (2地銀, 三重) | 2018-04 | [[regional-banks/san-jusan-fg\|三十三 FG]] (7322) | 三十三銀行 (2021-05 合併後) |
| 第三銀行 (2地銀, 三重) | 2018-04 | [[regional-banks/san-jusan-fg\|三十三 FG]] | 三十三銀行 (2021-05 合併後) |
| [[regional-banks/iyo-bank\|伊予銀行]] (1地銀, 愛媛, 1878 前身) | 2022-10 (単独) | [[regional-banks/iyogin-hd\|いよぎん HD]] (5830) | [[regional-banks/iyo-bank\|伊予銀行]] |
| 広島銀行 (1地銀, 広島, 1950 設立) | 2020-10 (単独) | [[regional-banks/hirogin-hd\|ひろぎん HD]] (7337) | 広島銀行 |
| [[regional-banks/hokkoku-bank\|北國銀行]] (1地銀, 石川, 1943 設立) | 2021-10 (単独) | [[regional-banks/hokkoku-fhd\|北國 FHD]] / [[financial-regulators/cci-group\|CCI グループ]] (7381) | [[regional-banks/hokkoku-bank\|北國銀行]] |
| 十六銀行 (1地銀, 岐阜, 1877 第十六国立銀行) | 2021-10 (単独) | [[regional-banks/juroku-fg\|十六 FG]] (7380) | 十六銀行 |
| 第四銀行 (1地銀, 新潟, 1873 第四国立銀行) | 2018-10 | [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg\|第四北越 FG]] (7327) | [[regional-banks/daishi-hokuetsu-bank\|第四北越銀行]] (2021-01 合併後) |
| 北越銀行 (1地銀, 新潟, 1942 設立) | 2018-10 | [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg\|第四北越 FG]] | [[regional-banks/daishi-hokuetsu-bank\|第四北越銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/aichi-bank\|愛知銀行]] (2地銀, 愛知, 1910 前身) | 2022-10 | [[regional-banks/aichi-fg\|あいち FG]] (7389) | あいち銀行 (子銀行合併後) |
| [[regional-banks/chukyo-bank\|中京銀行]] (2地銀, 愛知, 1953 設立) | 2022-10 | [[regional-banks/aichi-fg\|あいち FG]] | あいち銀行 |
| 静岡銀行 (1地銀, 静岡) | 2022-10 (単独) | [[regional-banks/shizuoka-fg\|しずおか FG]] (5831) | 静岡銀行 |
| 徳島銀行 (2地銀, 徳島, 1944 設立) | 2010-04 | [[regional-banks/tomony-hd\|トモニ HD]] (8600) | [[regional-banks/tokushima-taisho-bank\|徳島大正銀行]] (2020-01 合併後) |
| 香川銀行 (2地銀, 香川, 1943 香川無尽 → 1989 普銀転換) | 2010-04 | [[regional-banks/tomony-hd\|トモニ HD]] | [[regional-banks/kagawa-bank\|香川銀行]] |
| 大正銀行 (2地銀, 大阪, 1922 設立) | 2017 (救済), 2020-01 合併 | [[regional-banks/tomony-hd\|トモニ HD]] | [[regional-banks/tokushima-taisho-bank\|徳島大正銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/aomori-bank\|青森銀行]] (1地銀, 青森) | 2022-04 | [[regional-banks/proclair-hd\|プロクレア HD]] (7384) | 青森みちのく銀行 (2025-01 合併後) |
| [[regional-banks/michinoku-bank\|みちのく銀行]] (1地銀, 青森) | 2022-04 | [[regional-banks/proclair-hd\|プロクレア HD]] | 青森みちのく銀行 |
| 東京都民銀行 (2地銀, 東京) | 2014-10 | [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg\|東京きらぼし FG]] (7173) | [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-bank\|きらぼし銀行]] (2018-05 3 行合併後) |
| 八千代銀行 (2地銀, 東京) | 2014-10 | [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg\|東京きらぼし FG]] | [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-bank\|きらぼし銀行]] |
| 新銀行東京 (旧 石原都政 新銀行) | 2016-04 | [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg\|東京きらぼし FG]] | [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-bank\|きらぼし銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/shonai-bank\|荘内銀行]] (1地銀, 山形, 1878 第六十七国立銀行) | 2009-10 | [[regional-banks/fidea-hd\|フィデア HD]] (8713) | フィデア銀行 (2027-01 合併予定); 現在は [[regional-banks/shonai-bank\|荘内銀行]] operating |
| [[regional-banks/hokuto-bank\|北都銀行]] (1地銀, 秋田, 1895 第四十八国立銀行系) | 2009-10 | [[regional-banks/fidea-hd\|フィデア HD]] | フィデア銀行 (2027-01 予定); 現在は [[regional-banks/hokuto-bank\|北都銀行]] operating |
| [[regional-banks/kirayaka-bank\|きらやか銀行]] (2地銀, 山形) | 2012-10 | [[regional-banks/jimoto-hd\|じもと HD]] (7161 STD) | [[regional-banks/kirayaka-bank\|きらやか銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/sendai-bank\|仙台銀行]] (2地銀, 宮城) | 2012-10 | [[regional-banks/jimoto-hd\|じもと HD]] | [[regional-banks/sendai-bank\|仙台銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-city-bank\|西日本シティ銀行]] (1地銀, 福岡) | 2016-10 (単独) | [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-fhd\|西日本 FHD]] (7189) | [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-city-bank\|西日本シティ銀行]] |
| [[regional-banks/nagasaki-bank\|長崎銀行]] (2地銀, 長崎) | 2006-04 子会社化, 2016-10 FG | [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-fhd\|西日本 FHD]] | [[regional-banks/nagasaki-bank\|長崎銀行]] |

Sources: ^[FSA bank-holding-company and bank lists; official FG merger histories. FFG chronology: https://www.fukuoka-fg.com/investorimage/ir_pdf/202507_zaimu/corporate.pdf.]

## Decision use — which FG-row to focus on for a given question

| Question | Focus FGs |
|---|---|
| Cross-prefecture 1地銀+1地銀 statesmanship pattern | [[regional-banks/mebuki-fg\|めぶき FG]], [[regional-banks/kyushu-fg\|九州 FG]], [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg\|ほくほく FG]], [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg\|第四北越 FG]] |
| Cross-tier 1地銀+2地銀 same-prefecture rescue | [[regional-banks/concordia-fg\|横浜 FG]] (横浜+東日本), [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-fhd\|西日本 FHD]] (西日本+長崎), [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg\|FFG]] (福岡+熊本) |
| Multi-bank umbrella with 4+ banks | [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg\|FFG]] (福岡+熊本+18親和+みんなの銀行) |
| Single-bank wrapper (M&A optionality) | [[regional-banks/iyogin-hd\|いよぎん HD]], [[regional-banks/shizuoka-fg\|しずおか FG]], [[regional-banks/juroku-fg\|十六 FG]], [[regional-banks/hirogin-hd\|ひろぎん HD]], [[regional-banks/hokkoku-fhd\|北國 / CCI]] |
| Three-bank multi-brand under one FG | [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-fg\|YMFG]] (山口+もみじ+北九州) |
| Public-money / RCC supervised case | [[regional-banks/jimoto-hd\|じもと HD]] (RCC 議決権 63.52% 2024-06; 公的資金返済 13 年延期 2024-09) |
| 独禁特例法 (令和2年法律第32号) first application | [[regional-banks/proclair-hd\|プロクレア HD]] (青森+みちのく, 2022-04 → 2025-01 銀行合併) |
| Tokyo metro special case | [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg\|東京きらぼし FG]] (都民+八千代+新銀行東京) |
| Long-arc multi-step merger | [[regional-banks/tomony-hd\|トモニ HD]] (徳島+香川 → +大正 → 徳島大正合併) |
| Digital / BaaS / DX leadership | [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg\|FFG]] (みんなの銀行), [[regional-banks/hokkoku-fhd\|北國 / CCI]] (Tonari), [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg\|きらぼし]] (UI 銀行) |
| Equity-alliance ring (not an FG umbrella) | [[megabanks/sbi-regional-bank-hd\|SBI 地銀 HD]] |
| Megabank-edge group with regional-bank operating subs | [[megabanks/resona-hd\|Resona HD]] ([[regional-banks/kansai-mirai-bank\|関西みらい]] + [[regional-banks/minato-bank\|みなと]]) |
| Pending future legal merger | [[regional-banks/fidea-hd\|フィデア HD]] (2027-01 荘内+北都 → フィデア銀行) |

Sources: ^[Official FG histories, FSA approvals / registers, and dated merger announcements. Future mergers remain planned until completion is officially confirmed.]

## Alliance-and-system-sharing overlay (non-FG cooperation)

In addition to the formal FG / holding-company route, several regional banks participate in non-holding cooperative alliances. These are not on the same axis as FG consolidation but are important to read together:

| Alliance / system | Current evidence route | Publication rule |
|---|---|---|
| TSUBASA Alliance | Official alliance overview and current participant material | The official page states 10 participating banks; use its current list rather than retaining former-bank names |
| Bilateral regional-bank partnership | Dated joint announcements by both banks | Record term, scope, and amendments; do not treat cooperation as common ownership |
| Shared core / IT platform | Vendor plus participating-bank announcement | Distinguish core-system sharing from broader business alliance |
| SBI-related capital / business alliance | Current SBI and partner-bank securities disclosures | Record each ownership stake separately; do not represent the network as one bank FG |

Sources: ^[TSUBASA Alliance official overview, https://tsubasa-al.co.jp/company/; official joint, vendor, SBI, and partner-bank disclosures.]

These alliances complicate the family-tree picture: a regional bank can be in one FG AND in one or more cross-FG alliances simultaneously. The TSUBASA Alliance in particular spans multiple FGs (千葉銀 stays independent, [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg|第四北越]] FG, 北洋 group, etc.) and is an important system-cost layer on top of the FG layer.

## Holding-company FSA permission process

FSA bank holding company permission under the Banking Act involves:

1. **Banking Act prior approval** for forming a new bank holding company (no automatic right; FSA review).
2. **Capital adequacy** required on a consolidated basis (Basel III consolidated reporting; BIS / domestic-standard depending on whether internationally active).
3. **Governance review** including the holding company board structure, internal-audit framework, group risk management.
4. **Group business strategy** disclosure including the role of each subsidiary bank.
5. **Period for completion**: typically 6-12 months from announcement to FG-set-up; sometimes longer in cross-prefecture or competition-cleared cases ([[regional-banks/18-shinwa-bank|十八親和 銀行合併]] was delayed 3 years for 公取委 review).
6. **Post-FG ongoing supervision**: FSA inspects the holding company and the operating bank subsidiaries together; consolidated capital adequacy reporting is at the holding company.

The 2021 Banking Act 改正 made it modestly easier for regional banks to invest in subsidiaries (regional revitalization, digital banking, consulting) — this lowered the operational friction of using the holding-company structure for non-bank investments. Multiple FGs ([[regional-banks/concordia-fg|横浜]], [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg|FFG]], [[regional-banks/hokkoku-fhd|北國 / CCI]], [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg|きらぼし]]) have actively used the expanded scope for digital / consulting / venture-investment subsidiaries.

## Why consolidation accelerated post-2015

Multiple structural drivers compressed the regional-bank universe through holding-company consolidation:

- **Population decline** in prefectures outside the Tokyo-Osaka corridor reduces deposit / loan base.
- **Negative interest-rate environment** (BoJ 2016-) compressed regional-bank net interest margins.
- **Rising compliance / AML / cyber / digital costs** that small regional banks cannot fund on their own.
- **System investment requirements** that scale to group-level shared platforms.
- **Public-policy nudges**: FSA supervision posture; 2020 独禁特例法 reducing antitrust obstacles to same-prefecture mergers; 2021 Banking Act expansion of subsidiary-investment scope.
- **Demographic pressure on banking labour markets**: difficulty hiring specialist staff at independent regional banks.
- **Business-succession demand at SME customers**: requires consultative capability that scales better at group level.
- **Cross-prefecture cooperation precedents** like [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg|ほくほく FG]] proved feasibility of geographic non-adjacency.

The combination of these drivers produced the wave of FGs documented in this matrix — most concentrated in 2014-2022. The wave continues, with [[regional-banks/fidea-hd|フィデア HD]] planning 2027-01 銀行合併 as one of the next milestones.

## Boundary cases and caveats

- **T&D HD (8795) ≠ TD HD / Daishi-Hokuetsu.** [[life-insurers/td-hd|T&D Holdings]] is a life-insurance holding company (太陽 + 大同). Per the user spec, this matrix uses "TD HD" as a label pointing to [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg|第四北越 FG]] for the regional-bank context. Real-world references to "TD HD" are almost always the life-insurance entity unless explicitly stated otherwise.
- **[[regional-banks/sapporo-hokuyo-bank|札幌北洋 (Sapporo Hokuyo)]] is now [[regional-banks/north-pacific-bank|北洋銀行]] under [[regional-banks/north-pacific-bank-hd|北洋 HD]] / [[megabanks/ndfg|札幌北洋 HD lineage]]**; the historic Sapporo + Hokkaido city-bank consolidation belongs to a slightly earlier wave than this matrix's main focus, but the entity sits in the same regional-bank universe.
- **[[megabanks/resona-hd|Resona HD]] vs regional-bank FG.** [[megabanks/resona-hd|Resona]] is a megabank-edge / D-SIB-designated entity in the licence-tier matrix, but it operates [[regional-banks/kansai-mirai-bank|関西みらい銀行]] and [[regional-banks/minato-bank|みなと銀行]] as regional-bank operating subsidiaries. This means the same group spans both the megabank tier (parent [[megabanks/resona-hd|Resona]] / [[megabanks/resona-bank|Resona Bank]] / [[megabanks/saitama-resona-bank|Saitama Resona Bank]]) and the regional-bank tier (Kansai operating banks).
- **[[megabanks/sbi-regional-bank-hd|SBI 地銀 HD]] is not a bank holding company in the traditional FSA sense for all alliance banks.** Partner regional banks retain their own FSA-licensed legal entities and should not be treated as subsidiaries merely because they participate in an alliance or have an equity relationship. Current stakes and consolidation status must be checked against each issuer's official shareholder and financial disclosures.
- **Operating banks vs holdings: name reuse.** [[regional-banks/concordia-fg|横浜 FG]] is the holding company; [[regional-banks/yokohama-bank|横浜銀行]] is the operating bank under it. [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg|第四北越 FG]] is the holding company; [[regional-banks/daishi-hokuetsu-bank|第四北越銀行]] is the operating bank. References that say "横浜銀行" or "第四北越銀行" mean the operating bank, not the FG.
- **One-prefecture-one-bank vs multi-bank umbrella.** A 単独株式移転 single-bank wrapper is not the same business model as a 共同株式移転 multi-bank umbrella. The single-bank wrapper preserves M&A optionality and capital-allocation flexibility but does not by itself reduce branch / system cost; the multi-bank umbrella delivers system / branch consolidation potential if the constituent banks legally merge later.
- **Pending or planned merger steps.** Several FGs are mid-arc: [[regional-banks/fidea-hd|フィデア HD]] plans 荘内 + 北都 → フィデア銀行 in 2027-01; [[regional-banks/proclair-hd|プロクレア HD]] completed 青森 + みちのく → 青森みちのく銀行 in 2025-01. These planned events shift the operating-bank-pattern column over time.
- **Bank holding company official list.** The full FSA-published 銀行持株会社一覧 PDF is the authoritative source for the FG entity list at any point in time. Use it to verify entity-name canonicality before citing this matrix.

## Related

- [[banking/INDEX|banking index]]
- [[banking/regional-bank-consolidation-pattern]]
- [[banking/regional-bank-api-digital-partnership-route]]
- [[banking/japan-banking-license-tier-comparison-matrix]]
- [[banking/japan-cooperative-banking-unified-federation-matrix]]
- [[banking/post-megabank-positioning]]
- [[banking/japan-net-bank-competition-map]]
- [[regional-banks/mebuki-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/concordia-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/kyushu-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/fukuoka-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/hokuhoku-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/yamaguchi-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/san-jusan-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/iyogin-hd]]
- [[regional-banks/hirogin-hd]]
- [[regional-banks/hokkoku-fhd]]
- [[regional-banks/juroku-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/dai-shi-hokuetsu-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/aichi-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/shizuoka-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/tomony-hd]]
- [[regional-banks/proclair-hd]]
- [[regional-banks/kiraboshi-fg]]
- [[regional-banks/fidea-hd]]
- [[regional-banks/jimoto-hd]]
- [[regional-banks/nishi-nippon-fhd]]
- [[megabanks/sbi-regional-bank-hd]]
- [[regional-banks/kansai-mirai-bank]]
- [[regional-banks/minato-bank]]
- [[megabanks/resona-hd]]
- [[life-insurers/td-hd]]
- [[financial-regulators/cci-group]]
- [[INDEX|FinWiki index]]

## Sources

- FSA: 銀行免許一覧 (`ginkou.xlsx`).
- FSA: 銀行持株会社一覧 (`ginkoumochikabu.pdf`).
- FSA: regional bank consolidation policy materials and FY annual results summaries (2024-06-28, 2025-06-12).
- 全国銀行協会 (Zenginkyo): Financial Institutions in Japan.
- 全国地方銀行協会 (Chiginkyo): industry-body roster of first-tier regional banks.
- 第二地方銀行協会 (Dai-ni Chigin Kyo): industry-body roster of second-tier regional banks.
- Holding-company IR disclosures for each FG referenced in this matrix (decision short reports, kessanshorshin, integrated reports).
- 独占禁止法特例法 (令和2年法律第32号) official documentation for the [[regional-banks/proclair-hd|プロクレア HD]] precedent.
- Public reporting on [[regional-banks/jimoto-hd|じもと HD]] RCC supervision (2024-06 majority acquisition; 2024-09 公的資金 13-year deferral, FSA approval).