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license, technology, mobile, merchant, refund, and liability", "aliases": [ "payments/japan-prepaid-electronic-money-operator-matrix", "japan-prepaid-electronic-money-operator-matrix", "Japan prepaid e-money operator matrix", "JP prepaid e-money comparison", "Edy nanaco WAON Suica PASMO ICOCA matrix", "Japan transit + retail prepaid e-money side-by-side", "日本前払い式電子マネー事業者比較マトリクス" ], "domain": "payments", "type": null, "created": "2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-07-30", "last_tended": "2026-07-30", "review_by": "2026-10-27", "confidence": "certain", "tags": [ "payments", "matrix", "prepaid", "electronic-money", "e-money", "felica", "mifare", "transit", "retail", "japan" ], "status": "active", "canonical_anchor": null, "related": [], "note": null, "sources": [ "https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/daisan.pdf", "https://edy.rakuten.co.jp/company/company.html", "https://edy.rakuten.co.jp/terms/info.html", "https://support.rakuten-edy.co.jp/faq/show/1179", "https://www.7andi.com/company/news/release/20489.html", "https://www.nanaco-net.jp/how-to/charge/cash.html", "https://www.aeon.info/news/release_33536/", "https://www.waon.net/stipulation/49000/", "https://www.apple.com/jp/newsroom/2016/09/apple-pay-coming-to-japan-with-iphone-7/", "https://www.pasmo.co.jp/corporate/history/", "https://www.westjr.co.jp/press/article/2023/06/page_22773.html", "https://www.jreast.co.jp/", "https://www.pasmo.co.jp/", "https://www.jr-odekake.net/", "https://www.jrhokkaido.co.jp/kitaca/", "https://www.jrhokkaido.co.jp/CM/Info/press/pdf/20250709_KO_KitacaSuica.pdf", "https://jr-central.co.jp/", "https://www.meitetsu.co.jp/", "https://www.nishitetsu.jp/", "https://www.jrkyushu.co.jp/", "https://www.boj.or.jp/" ] }, "summary": "Japan's prepaid electronic-money landscape is not one industry — it is at least three distinct stacks (retail-prepaid, transit-prepaid, and digital-wallet-prepaid) that look similar at checkout but sit on different prepaid-license 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